End of Term Web Archive

"The End of Term Web Archive captures and saves U.S. Government websites at the end of presidential administrations. Beginning in 2008, the EOT has thus far preserved websites from administration changes in 2008, 2012 and 2016.

Archive Scope

The End of Term Web Archive contains federal government websites (.gov, .mil, etc) in the Legislative, Executive, or Judicial branches of the government. Websites that were at risk of changing (i.e., whitehouse.gov) or disappearing altogether during government transitions were captured. Local government websites, or any other site not part of the federal government domain were out of scope..."
Presidential term archive 

COVID-19: Potential Implications for International Security Environment— Overview of Issues and Further Reading for Congress

"Some observers argue the COVID-19 pandemic could be a world-changing event with potentially profound and long-lasting implications for the international security environment and the U.S. role in the world. Other observers are more skeptical that the COVID-19 pandemic will have such effects.

Observers who argue the COVID-19 pandemic could be world-changing for the international security environment and the U.S. role in the world have focused on several areas of potential change, including the following, which are listed here separately but overlap in some cases and can interact with one another:
 world order, international institutions, and global governance;
 U.S. global leadership and the U.S. role in the world;
 China’s potential role as a global leader;
 U.S. relations and great power competition with China and Russia, including the use of the COVID-19 pandemic as a theme or tool for conducting ideological competition;
 the relative prevalence of democratic and authoritarian or autocratic forms of government;
  societal tension, reform, transformation, and governmental stability in various countries;  the world economy, globalization, and U.S. trade policy;
 the characteristics and conduct of conflict;
 allied defense budgets and U.S. alliances;
 the cohesion of the European Union;
 the definition of, and budgeting for, U.S. national security;
 U.S. defense strategy, defense budgets, and military operations;
 U.S. foreign assistance programs and international debt relief;
 activities of non-state actors;
 the amount of U.S. attention devoted to ongoing international issues other than the COVID-19 pandemic; and
 the role of Congress in setting and overseeing the execution of U.S. foreign and defense policy.

Issues for Congress may include whether and how the COVID-19 pandemic could change the international security environment, whether the Trump Administration’s actions for responding to such change are appropriate and sufficient, and what implications such change could have for the role of Congress in setting and overseeing the execution of U.S. foreign and defense policy.

Congress’s decisions regarding these issues could have significant and even profound implications for U.S. foreign and defense policy, and for the status of Congress as a co-equal branch relative to the executive branch in setting and overseeing the implementation of U.S. foreign and defense policy...."
COVID-19 and international security 

Tips for a New Year: Quit-Smoking Medicines

"Using quit-smoking medicines can help you go smoke-free this year—yes, even if you’ve tried them before! And there has never been a better time to quit. A recent Surgeon General’s  found that quitting cigarettes can have big health benefits, including reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and several types of cancer. icon

Maybe you’ve used nicotine patches or gum in the past, or maybe you’ve tried doctor-prescribed quit-smoking pills in your quest to kick cigarettes. Maybe you’ve only thought about using quit-smoking medicines before. There are new ways to use these medicines, described below, which can further increase your chances of success.  When it comes to trying to quit smoking, the best advice is: don’t give up.

Tackle the Toughest Times

Quitting smoking can be hard, but using medicines approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) can help in three major ways:

1. They make quitting less painful. Medicines help you handle withdrawal symptoms, including cravings for cigarettes, trouble sleeping and concentrating, and irritability. Medicines with nicotine—called nicotine replacement therapy, or NRT—give your body enough nicotine to lessen withdrawal symptoms and control cravings. Medicines without nicotine lower your urge to smoke and also decrease withdrawal symptoms.
2. They are safe. All FDA-approved medicines are proven to be safe based on many years of research.
3. They help you get through the tough times. Quit-smoking medicines can help you get through the early days or weeks of quitting, when it’s hardest to stay motivated and when your urge to smoke is highest. Make sure to use the medicines as directed. Taking the right dose for the right amount of time is important for success..."
   Quit smoking 

Diabetes and Sleep

"Sleep for a Good Cause

There are many reasons to get a good night’s sleep. If you have diabetes, there are even more. Learn how sleep affects your diabetes management.

A good night’s sleep can feel like a luxury. Balancing school, work, physical activity, and your family may cause you to go to bed later than you’d like. One in three US adults isn’t getting enough sleep, and over time, this can increase the risk for type 2 diabetes, heart disease, obesity, and depression.

If you have diabetes, too little sleep negatively affects every area of your management, including how much you eat, what you choose to eat, how you respond to insulin, and your mental health.

Proper rest isn’t just important for your diabetes management—it may also put you in a better mood and give you more energy!

How Much Do You Need?

Being well rested is important for people of all ages to stay in good health. How many hours of sleep you need changes as you age. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society recommend that adults should get at least 7 hours of sleep per night. Children and teens need more.

Learn more about how much sleep you need.

Complications From Lack of Sleep

If you get less than 7 hours of sleep per night regularly, your diabetes will be harder to manage. Too little sleep can:

• Increase insulin resistance.
• Make you hungrier the next day and reduce how full you feel after eating.
• Make you more likely to reach for junk foods—those that are high in carbs and sugar.
• Make it harder to lose weight.
• Raise blood pressure and seriously increase the risk of a heart attack.
• Make your immune system less able to fight infections.
• Increase your risk of depression and anxiety..."
  Diabetes and Sleep 

Tips for Driving Safely during the Holiday Season

"In the United States, motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of death for people aged 1‒54,¹ and more than 36,000 people were killed in crashes in 2018.²

However, motor vehicle crash deaths and injuries can be prevented. Buckle up, drive sober, and stay safe on the road during the holiday season.

Learn safety tips for:

• All drivers
• Child passengers
• Teen drivers
• Older adult drivers

Safety Tips for All Drivers

• Do not drive when you are impaired by alcohol and/or drugs, and do not allow your family members or friends to drive while impaired. In 2018, alcohol-impaired driving contributed to more than 10,500 crash deaths.³ If you drink alcohol and/or use drugs, you should designate a sober driver, call a taxi, or use a ride share service.
• Avoid distractions while driving, such as using your cell phone to text, email, or access social media. Sending or reading a text takes your eyes off the road for at least five seconds. At 55 miles per hour, that is like driving the length of an entire football fieldexternal icon with your eyes closed. You cannot drive safely unless the task of driving has your full attention.
• Check the weather conditions before you head out on the road. Make sure to drive at a speed that is safe for road and weather conditions..."
  Holiday driving 

Know the Signs and Get Help for Opioid Addiction

"A Pathway to Treatment and Recovery

Addiction is a medical condition. Treatment can help. Recovery is possible.

Opioid addiction, also known as opioid use disorder (OUD), is a chronic and relapsing disease that affects the body and brain. Anyone can become addicted even when opioids are prescribed by a doctor and taken as directed. Millions of Americans suffer from opioid addiction.

Signs of Opioid Addiction

When using opioids has caused issues like job loss, money problems, or other hardships, a person’s continued use is a major warning sign of addiction. Other signs could also include:

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Trying to stop or cut down on opioid use but not being able to.

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Making mistakes at school or on the job because of using opioids.

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Hurting relationships with family and friends because of opioid use.

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Developing a tolerance and needing larger amounts of opioids to get high.

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Overdosing on drugs.

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Having strong cravings for opioids..."
Opioid Addition 

Library of Congress Completes Digitization of 23 Early Presidential Collections

"The Library of Congress has completed a more than two decade-long initiative to digitize the papers of nearly two dozen early presidents. The Library holds the papers of 23 presidents from George Washington to Calvin Coolidge, all of which have been digitized and are now available online.

The Library plans to highlight each presidential collection on social media in the weeks leading up to the next presidential inauguration on Jan. 20, 2021.

“Arguably, no other body of material in the Manuscript Division is of greater significance for the study of American history than the presidential collections,” said Janice E. Ruth, chief of the Manuscript Division at the Library of Congress. “They cover the entire sweep of American history from the nation’s founding through the first decade after World War I, including periods of prosperity and depression, war and peace, unity of purpose and political and civil strife.”

The 23 presidential collections in the Library’s holdings, acquired through donation or purchase, are of such significant value that Congress enacted a law in 1957 directing the Library to arrange, index and microfilm the papers, an enormous job that concluded in 1976. With the dawn of the digital age, the collections of presidential papers were among the first manuscripts proposed for digitization. The conclusion of this effort marks the addition of more than 3.3 million images to the Library’s online archives..."
Presidential Collections 

SolarWinds Attack—No Easy Fix

"On December 13, 2020, the cybersecurity firm FireEye published research that a malicious actor was exploiting a supply chain vulnerability in SolarWinds products to hack into government and private sector information technology (IT) networks. SolarWinds confirmed the security incident. The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) issued an emergency directive requiring federal agencies to remove certain SolarWinds products from agency networks.
 

 Media initially reported that the U.S. Treasury and Commerce departments were susceptible to this attack; subsequent reports added additional agencies. The list of compromised agencies and companies is expected to expand.
 

 As private sector and government researchers continue investigating this incident, the cybersecurity community expects to learn more about the attack, the adversary, their targets, compromised data and systems, and ways to recover from the incident. This Insight provides an overview of the incident, federal response, and policy considerations.
 
The Attack

SolarWinds (Austin, TX) makes IT management products for business customers. These products allow chief information officers (CIOs) to automate certain activities such as managing internet protocol (IP) addresses, monitoring devices, and deploying updates.

A critical element to any software application or platform is the mechanism by which the vendor pushes updates and patches to users. SolarWinds built functions into their products which push update files to users (as is common practice).

A malicious actor discovered a way to compromise SolarWinds’ software update service for the Orion IT management platform (a SolarWinds suite of products). The actor was able to compromise the update channel used by Orion to distribute malware. When run, the code executed the Sunburst malware in the SolarWinds IT management platform. Once executed, Sunburst would go dormant for a period of time (to avoid detection) before fetching additional instructions from its command-and-control (C2) server. The additional instructions allowed the actors to exfiltrate files, execute new commands, profile the system, and manipulate the machine. The actors sought to hide their presence by manipulating files and disguising their activity as normal network traffic. SolarWinds stated that of their 300,000-plus customers, roughly   18,000 are susceptible to this attack. Known vulnerable versions of the platform were released in spring 2020 and were still vulnerable through mid-December 2020.."
Solar Winds Attack

Global Value Chains: Overview and Issues for Congress

"Global value chains (GVCs) divide production processes into discrete stages located around the globe. Using GVCs, companies can organize different parts of their value chain strategically, such as locating in a target customer’s home market or a competitor’s base. When deciding where to locate particular stages of production, firms typically consider key inputs such as raw materials and labor—along with associated accessibility, costs, and quality—and domestic policies that may encourage or discourage different types of investment. Congress, in particular, has an interest in understanding the economic and broader policy implications of the ongoing evolution of global value chains on U.S. businesses and consumers.
 

 Since the 1990s, GVCs have shaped the global economy. More than two-thirds of world trade occurs via GVCs each year, representing a shift in how trade and commerce are conducted as trade in intermediate goods and services exceeds that of commodities and finished goods.
 

 Unilateral trade liberalization and lower trade barriers made possible by free trade agreements (FTAs) and the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) have spurred GVC growth. Technology advancements and new internet-enabled services that lower costs and provide seamless connections around the world have also been a major factor. Consequently, companies and countries can focus on comparative advantages and specialize in different products and services  within value chains, opening economic opportunities and new markets for small businesses and developing countries.."
Global chains 

Copyright Office Launches Copyright Public Records System Pilot

"Today, the U.S. Copyright Office launched a new Copyright Public Records System (CPRS) pilot to the public. The new portal will provide access to the same copyright records for both registration and recordation data that exist in the Copyright Public Catalog but with enhanced search capabilities and improved interfaces for internal and external users. With these enhancements, users should have an easier time finding the exact records they need. The CPRS pilot is also the second Enterprise Copyright System module to launch. While the first module, the electronic recordation system pilot, was released to a limited external audience, the CPRS pilot is available to the entire public.

The public can access the new CPRS pilot at publicrecords.copyright.gov and provide feedback on their experience using the feedback link at the bottom of the page. For any questions or other comments, please email publicrecords@copyright.gov.

The pilot is designed to run concurrently with the Copyright Public Catalog—available at cocatalog.loc.gov. During the pilot, the Copyright Public Catalog will remain the official source of authoritative records. The CPRS pilot will continue to evolve after the public release. Developers and Copyright Office staff are working on including the ability to download and print search results and the ability for users to see their recent searches and records. While the current CPRS pilot contains records from 1978 through the present, the Office is considering migrating other public records to the CPRS.

To learn more about the CPRS, watch the June 2020 copyright modernization webinar on the Copyright Office website or YouTube channel. The CPRS is also accompanied by a tutorial to assist new users..."
Copyright 

Resources for Tracking Federal COVID-19 Spending

"Congress has responded to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with supplemental appropriations measures providing relief and assistance to individuals and families, state and local governments, businesses, health care providers, and other entities. For more information, see CRS Report R46474, Laws Enacted in Response to COVID-19: Resources for Congressional Offices, by Meredith Sund.

This report provides selected sources for tracking COVID-19 relief and assistance spending. It includes links to and information on government sources detailing spending amounts at various levels, including consolidated spending by multiple government agencies,spending by individual government agencies, and spending to specific recipients and geographies. The sources themselves are large government databases, individual agencies, oversight entities, and selected nongovernmental entities that attempt to repackage information on spending amounts obtained from available government sources.
 

 Due to the continually evolving nature of information provided by sources that track federal COVID-19 spending, this report may be updated frequently. For a legislative summary of the enacted bills, and a broad discussion of both the discretionary and direct spending measures provided by Congress, see CRS Report R46449, Tallying Federal Funding for COVID-19: In Brief, by William L. Painter. For general information on resources for tracking federal funds, see CRS Report R44027, Tracking Federal Awards: USAspending.gov and Other Data Sources, by Jennifer Teefy.."
Federal COVID-19 Spending 

Tracking Federal Awards: USAspending.gov and Other Data Sources

"USAspending.gov, available at http://www.USAspending.gov, is a government source for data on federal awards by state, congressional district (CD), county, city, and zip code. The awards data in USAspending.gov are provided by federal agencies and represent contracts, grants, loans, and other forms of financial assistance. USAspending.gov also provides tools for examining the broader picture of federal spending obligations within the categories of budget function, agency, and object class.
 

 Using USAspending.gov to locate and compile accurate data on federal awards can be challenging due, in part, to continuing data quality issues that have been identified by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO). Users of USAspending.gov need to be aware that while search results may be useful for informing consideration of certain questions, these results may be incomplete or contain inaccuracies.
 

USAspending.gov was created under P.L. 109-282, the Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006 (FFATA), and is being enhanced under requirements in P.L. 113-101, the Digital Accountability and Transparency Act of 2014 (DATA Act).
 

Other federal awards data sources reviewed in this report include the following:

 Federal Procurement Data System (FPDS);
 Census Federal Audit Clearinghouse;
 U.S. Budget: Aid to State and Local Governments;
 Census Federal Aid to States (FAS) and Consolidated Federal Funds Report (CFFR); and
 Additional federal grant awards databases, including sources tracking medical, scientific, and technical research..."
Federal Awards 

The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the House Floor

"Summary

Article 1, Section 2 of the Constitution sets a term of office of two years for all Members of the House. One House ends at the conclusion of each two-year Congress, and the newly elected Representatives must constitute a new House at the beginning of the next Congress. Consequently, the House must choose its Speaker and officers and adopt the chamber’s rules of procedure every two years.
 

The Constitution mandates that Congress convene at noon on January 3, unless the preceding Congress by law designated a different day. For example, P.L. 113-201 set January 6, 2015, as the convening date of the 114th Congress. Congressional leaders planned that the 115th Congress would convene January 3, 2017, and that the 116th Congress would convene January 3, 2019, obviating the need for a law to set the date. Although no officers will have been elected when the House first convenes, officers from the previous Congress perform certain functions, such as conducting the election of the Speaker.
 
The House follows a well-established first-day routine. The proceedings include—

 a call to order by the Clerk of the House;
 a prayer led by the Chaplain and the Pledge of Allegiance led by the Clerk;
 a quorum call ordered by the Clerk;
 the election of the Speaker, ordered by the Clerk and conducted with the assistance of tellers;
 remarks by the Speaker-elect, followed by his or her swearing-in by the dean of the House;
 the oath of office for the newly elected and re-elected Members, administered by the Speaker;
 adoption of the rules of the House for the new Congress;
 adoption of various administrative resolutions and unanimous consent agreements; and
 announcement of the Speaker’s policies on certain floor practices.

On opening day, the House often adopts resolutions assigning some or many of its Members to committees. This process regularly continues over several more weeks. The committee assignment process occurs primarily within the party groups—the Republican Conference and the Democratic Caucus. Other routine organizational business may also be taken up on the House floor on the first day, such as adoption of a resolution to allow a judge or a Member of Congress to administer the oath of office to one or more Members-elect who are absent.."
New Congress 

“Court Packing”: Legislative Control over the Size of the Supreme Court

"In the past year, legal commentators, policymakers, and the national press have devoted significant attention to proposals to increase the size of the Supreme Court, sometimes colloquially called “court packing.” Many recent court expansion proposals are premised on the belief that, if more seats were added to the Supreme Court, it would give the President who nominates the new Justices significant power to shape the Court in a way that aligns with the policy preferences of the President and the controlling political party. The Constitution generally grants Congress control over the size and structure of the federal courts and, during the first century of the Republic, Congress enacted multiple statutes changing the size of the Supreme Court. However, since the Reconstruction era, the Court’s size has been set at nine Justices. The last notable attempt to enlarge the Court occurred in 1937, when President Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s Administration proposed legislation broadly viewed as an effort to make the Court more favorable to President Roosevelt’s New Deal policies. Congress declined to act on the Roosevelt Administration’s proposal in large part because of concerns that it impermissibly infringed on the principle of judicial independence enshrined in Article III of the Constitution. Recent Supreme Court expansion proposals have likewise prompted debate about the role of the judiciary and the means by which political actors may influence the Supreme Court’s approach to interpreting the law.
 

This Legal Sidebar provides an overview of the legal issues surrounding Supreme Court expansion. It first briefly discusses Congress’s constitutional power to structure the federal courts, then surveys past legislation changing the size of the Supreme Court. The Sidebar next considers constitutional constraints on Congress’s power to change the size and structure of the Supreme Court, including both express textual limits and implied limits that may restrict Congress’s ability to alter the Court’s makeup. Finally, the Sidebar surveys selected proposals to modify the size or composition of the Court through legislation or constitutional amendment.."
Court packing 

Common Cold

"Sore throat and runny nose are usually the first signs of a cold, followed by coughing and sneezing. Most people recover in about 7-10 days. You can help reduce your risk of getting a cold: wash your hands often, avoid close contact with sick people, and don’t touch your face with unwashed hands.

Common colds are the main reason that children miss school and adults miss work. Each year in the United States, there are millions of cases of the common cold. Adults have an average of 2-3 colds per year, and children have even more.

Most people get colds in the winter and spring, but it is possible to get a cold any time of the year. Symptoms usually include:

• sore throat
• runny nose
• coughing
• sneezing
• headaches
• body aches

Most people recover within about 7-10 days. However, people with weakened immune systems, asthma, or respiratory conditions may develop serious illness, such as bronchitis or pneumonia.

How to Protect Yourself

Viruses that cause colds can spread from infected people to others through the air and close personal contact. You can also get infected through contact with stool (poop) or respiratory secretions from an infected person. This can happen when you shake hands with someone who has a cold, or touch a surface, like a doorknob, that has respiratory viruses on it, then touch your eyes, mouth, or nose.

You can help reduce your risk of getting a cold:

• Wash your hands often with soap and water. Wash them for 20 seconds, and help young children do the same. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Viruses that cause colds can live on your hands, and regular handwashing can help protect you from getting sick.
• Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands. Viruses that cause colds can enter your body this way and make you sick.
• Stay away from people who are sick. Sick people can spread viruses that cause the common cold through close contact with others..."
  Common cold 

Digest of Education Statistics 2019

"LIST OF 2019 DIGEST TABLES

Tables

Figures

• Chapter 1.  All Levels of Education
  [Show All]
• Chapter 2.  Elementary and Secondary Education
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• Chapter 3.  Postsecondary Education
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• Chapter 4.  Federal Funds for Education and Related Activities
  [Show All]
• Chapter 5.  Outcomes of Education
  [Show All]
• Chapter 6.  International Comparisons of Education
  [Show All]
• Chapter 7.  Libraries and Use of Technology
  [Show All].."

Education Statistics 

Hate Crime Statistics, 2019

"Today the FBI released Hate Crime Statistics, 2019, the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program’s latest compilation about bias-motivated incidents throughout the nation. The 2019 data, submitted by 15,588 law enforcement agencies, provide information about the offenses, victims, offenders, and locations of hate crimes.

Law enforcement agencies submitted incident reports involving 7,314 criminal incidents and 8,559 related offenses as being motivated by bias toward race, ethnicity, ancestry, religion, sexual orientation, disability, gender, and gender identity. Please note the UCR Program does not estimate offenses for the jurisdictions of agencies that do not submit reports. Highlights of Hate Crime Statistics, 2019 follow. (Due to rounding, percentage breakdowns may not add to 100%.).."
Hate crime 

Addressing the Crisis of Black Youth Suicide

"Each September, people in the U.S. and around the world observe Suicide Prevention Awareness Month, a time to help raise awareness and share information about this important public health concern. As director of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), I have made suicide prevention one of my top priorities, and although I have written about suicide in the past, I wanted to revisit this topic to bring attention to this critical area of concern.

One often overlooked aspect of the rising rates of suicide in the U.S. is its impact on youth — and in particular, its impact on Black youth. Black people face increased rates of risk factors, including experiences of racism, higher rates of unemployment and financial and food insecurity, disparities in other aspects of health, and limited access to care, all of which result in an increased burden of mental illness in black communities. Despite this heavy burden, Black people and individuals in other racial and ethnic minority groups have historically had relatively low rates of suicide. But this has been changing recently, especially for Black youth. As of 2018, suicide became the second leading cause of death in Black children aged 10-14, and the third leading cause of death in Black adolescents aged 15-19. By combining data from 2001 to 2015, researchers were able to examine suicides among children ages 12 and younger and found that Black children were more likely to die by suicide than their White peers.

This crisis of Black youth suicide is beginning to receive the attention it deserves. Congresswoman Bonnie Watson Coleman (D-N.J.) and the Congressional Black Caucus deserve credit for raising awareness of the issue and for establishing the Emergency Taskforce on Black Youth Suicide and Mental Health. Their report, Ring the Alarm: The Crisis of Black Youth Suicide in America, was released in December 2019. This report describes key research findings related to suicide among Black youth. Most importantly, it provides research, policy, and practice recommendations to address this issue, such as improving research funding of minority scientists and increasing funding of research focused on Black youth suicide and Black youth mental health..."
Black youth suicide 

Older Drivers: Stay Safe Behind the Wheel

"In 2018, there were more than 45 million licensed drivers aged 65 and older in the United States.

Driving helps older adults stay mobile and independent. But the risk of being injured or killed in a traffic crash increases as people age.

Thankfully, older adults can take steps to stay safe on the roads.

Facts About Older Drivers

• One in five drivers in the United States is 65 years or older.
• Older adults are more than twice as likely to report having a medical problem that makes it difficult to drive, compared with people aged 24-64.
• Four in five older adults take one or more medicines daily. Physical changes that occur with age can change the way the body reacts to medicines, causing more side effects and affecting the ability to concentrate and drive safely.
• In 2018, almost 7,700 older adults (aged 65+) were killed in traffic crashes, and more than 250,000 were treated in emergency departments for crash injuries. This means that each day, more than 20 older adults are killed, and almost 700 are injured in crashes.

Steps That Older Adults Can Take to Stay Safe on the Road

• Always wear your seat belt and never drive impaired by alcohol, drugs, or medicines.
• Discuss any medical issues with your doctor to determine if they might affect your driving.
• Discuss stopping or changing your medicines with your pharmacist or doctor if you experience any side effects that could interfere with safe driving, such as blurry vision, dizziness, sleepiness, confusion, fatigue, and/or loss of consciousness.
• Have your eyes checked by an eye doctor at least once a year. Wear glasses and corrective lenses as directed.
• Plan your route before you drive.
• Drive during daylight and in good weather when possible.
• Consider potential alternatives to driving, such as riding with a friend, using public transit, or using ride share services.
• Download and use CDC’s MyMobility Plan for tips and resources to make a plan to stay mobile and independent as you age..."
  Older drivers 

Counting Electoral Votes: An Overview of Procedures at the Joint Session, Including Objections by Members of Congress

"The Constitution and federal law establish a detailed timetable following the presidential election during which time the members of the electoral college convene in the 50 state capitals and in the District of Columbia, cast their votes for President and Vice President, and submit their votes through state officials to both houses of Congress. The electoral votes are scheduled to be opened before a joint session of Congress on January 6, 2021. Federal law specifies the procedures for this session and for challenges to the validity of an electoral vote. This report describes the steps in the process and precedents set in prior presidential elections governing the actions of the House and Senate in certifying the electoral vote and in responding to challenges of the validity of electoral votes.
 

This report has been revised and will be updated on a periodic basis to provide the dates for the relevant joint session of Congress and to reflect any new, relevant precedents or practices..."
Electoral College 

Be Prepared to Stay Safe and Healthy in Winter

"Winter storms and cold temperatures can be dangerous. Stay safe and healthy by planning ahead. Prepare your home and vehicles. Prepare for power outages and outdoor activity. Check on older adults.

Although winter comes as no surprise, many of us may not be ready for its arrival. If you are prepared for the hazards of winter, you are more likely to stay safe and healthy when temperatures start to fall.

Prepare Your Home

Staying inside is no guarantee of safety. Take these steps to keep your home safe and warm during the winter months.

• Winterize your home.
  • Install weather stripping, insulation, and storm windows.
  • Insulate water lines that run along exterior walls.
  • Clean out gutters and repair roof leaks.
• Check your heating systems.
  • Have your heating system serviced professionally to make sure that it is clean, working properly, and ventilated to the outside.
  • Inspect and clean fireplaces and chimneys.
  • Have a safe alternate heating source and alternate fuels available.
• If you do not have a working smoke detector, install one. Test batteries monthly and replace them twice a year.
• Prevent carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning emergencies.
  • Install a CO detector to alert you of the presence of the deadly, odorless, colorless gas. Check or change the battery when you change your clocks in the fall and spring.
  • Learn the symptoms of CO poisoning: headache, dizziness, weakness, upset stomach, vomiting, chest pain, and confusion..."
    Winter weather