Six Tips to Enhance Immunity

"A healthy lifestyle offers many benefits, including helping to prevent heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and other chronic diseases. Another important benefit is that healthy routines enhance your immunity.

The immune system is the body’s way of protecting itself from infection and disease; it fights everything from cold and flu viruses to serious conditions such as cancer.

Our immune systems are complex and influenced by many factors. Vaccines build immunity against specific diseases. Some additional ways you can strengthen your immune system are eating well, being physically active, maintaining a healthy weight, getting enough sleep, not smoking, and avoiding excessive alcohol use.

Eat Well

Food Assistance

If you need help obtaining nutritious food, see resources at USDA Nutrition Assistance Programexternal icon. You can also call the USDA National Hunger Hotline at 1–866–3–HUNGRY or 1–877–8–HAMBRE to find resources such as meal sites, food banks, and other social services.

Eating well means emphasizingexternal icon plenty of fruits and vegetables, lean protein, whole grains, and fat–free or low–fat milk and milk products. Eating well also means limiting saturated fats, cholesterol, salt, and added sugars.

Eating well provides multiple nutrients that support optimal immune function.^1,2 Be aware, however, that too much of some vitamins and minerals can be harmful. Talk to your health care provider if you think you need nutritional supplements.

Be Physically Active

Regular physical activity helps you feel better, sleep better, and reduce anxiety. Combined with eating well, physical activity can help a person maintain a healthy weight.³

Following the physical activity recommendations for your age provides immediate and long–term benefits. Emerging research also suggests that physical activity may potentially benefit immunity.^4,5

Maintain a Healthy Weight

Excess weight can affect how your body functions. Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more in adults, is linked to impaired immune functions.^6,7 Obesity may also lower vaccine effectiveness for numerous diseases, including influenza,⁸ hepatitis B,^9,10,11 and tetanus.¹²

Safe ways to help maintain a healthy weight include reducing stress, eating healthy foods, getting enough sleep, and engaging in regular physical activity..."
Immunity 

Copyright and State Sovereign Immunity

"Dear Chairman Leahy and Ranking Member Tillis

On behalf of the United States Copyright Office, I am pleased to deliver a copy of a report entitled Copyright and State Sovereign Immunity, which is available to the public on the Office’s website.

Following the Supreme Court’s decision in Allen v. Cooper, you requested that the Copyright Office undertake a study to determine whether, consistent with the Court’s analysis, Congress could legislatively abrogate state sovereign immunity to suits in federal court for damages for copyright infringement.

In response to your request, the Office solicited the views of interested stakeholders and held round tables to amplify the record. The Office received comments from many copyright owners who believed that their works had been infringed by state entities. A number of state entities provided information about their policies on copyright, and views regarding allegations of infringement and the possible effect of abrogation on their operations. The Office also conducted extensive research into the legal standards governing abrogation in the context of copyright infringement. 2

After carefully evaluating the information provided, the Office can report that the number of allegations of state infringement provided in the course of this study is substantially greater than the number Congress considered when it adopted its prior abrogation legislation, and greater than the evidence found insufficient in prior intellectual property cases. Although few of the infringement allegations provided to the Office were adjudicated on the merits, the evidence indicates that state infringement represents a legitimate concern for copyright owners. Given the demands of the current legal standard, however, and some ambiguity in its application, we cannot conclude with certainty that even the current more robust record would be found sufficient to meet the constitutional test for abrogation.

The Office nevertheless continues to believe that infringement by state entities is an issue worthy of congressional action. n. While many such entities take care to respect copyright, and engage in activities likely to fall under copyright exceptions, others may use copyrighted works for a variety of market substituting purposes. There would seem to be little justification for immunizing these types of entities from damages if they intentionally engage in the same conduct for which a private party could be held liable. Therefore, if Congress decides not to proceed with abrogation legislation, the Office would support consideration of alternative approaches to address this issue.."
Copyright and state sovereign