Foreign Science and Engineering Presence in U.S. Institutions and the Labor Force
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The increased presence of foreign students in graduate science and engineering programs and in
the scientific workforce has been and continues to be of concern to some in the scientific
community. Enrollment of U.S. citizens in graduate science and engineering programs has not
kept pace with that of foreign students in those programs. In addition to the number of foreign
students in graduate science and engineering programs, a significant number of university faculty
in the scientific disciplines are foreign, and foreign doctorates are employed in large numbers by
industry.

Few will dispute that U.S. universities and industry have chosen foreign talent to fill many
positions. Foreign scientists and engineers serve the needs of industry at the doctorate level and
also have been found to serve in major roles at the masters level. However, there are charges that
U.S. workers are adversely affected by the entry of foreign scientists and engineers, who
reportedly accept lower wages than U.S. citizens would accept in order to enter or remain in the
United States..."